We construct positive-genus analogues of Welschinger's invariants for many real symplectic manifolds, including the odd-dimensional projective spaces and the renowned quintic threefold. In some cases, our invariants provide lower bounds for counts of real positive-genus curves in real algebraic varieties. Our approach to the orientability problem is based entirely on the topology of real bundle pairs over symmetric surfaces; the previous attempts involved direct computations for the determinant lines of Fredholm operators over bordered surfaces. We use the notion of real orientation introduced in this paper to obtain isomorphisms of real bundle pairs over families of symmetric surfaces and then apply the determinant functor to these isomorphisms. This allows us to endow the uncompactified moduli spaces of real maps from symmetric surfaces of all topological types with natural orientations and to verify that they extend across the codimension-one boundaries of these spaces, thus implementing a far-reaching proposal from C.-C.Liu's thesis for a fully fledged real Gromov-Witten theory. The second and third parts of this work concern applications: they describe important properties of our orientations on the moduli spaces, establish some connections with real enumerative geometry, provide the relevant equivariant localization data for projective spaces, and obtain vanishing results in the spirit of Walcher's predictions.

In this paper we prove convergence and compactness results for Ricci flows with bounded scalar curvature and entropy. More specifically, we show that Ricci flows with bounded scalar curvature converge smoothly away from a singular set of codimension $\ge 4$. We also establish a general form of the Hamilton-Tian Conjecture, which is even true in the Riemannian case.

These results are based on a compactness theorem for Ricci flows with bounded scalar curvature, which states that any sequence of such Ricci flows converges, after passing to a subsequence, to a metric space that is smooth away from a set of codimension $\ge 4$. In the course of the proof, we will also establish $L^{p\lt 2}$-curvature bounds on time-slices of such flows.

In 1980, Gross conjectured a formula for the expected leading term at $s=0$ of the Deligne--Ribet $p$-adic $L$-function associated to a totally even character $\psi$ of a totally real field $F$. The conjecture states that after scaling by $L(\psi \omega^{-1}, 0)$, this value is equal to a $p$-adic regulator of units in the abelian extension of $F$ cut out by $\psi \omega^{-1}$. In this paper, we prove Gross's conjecture.

For any $\alpha \lt 1/3$, we construct weak solutions to the 3D incompressible Euler equations in the class $C_tC_x^\alpha$ that have nonempty, compact support in time on $\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{T}^3$ and therefore fail to conserve the total kinetic energy. This result, together with the proof of energy conservation for $\alpha > 1/3$ due to [Eyink] and [Constantin, E, Titi], solves Onsager's conjecture that the exponent $\alpha = 1/3$ marks the threshold for conservation of energy for weak solutions in the class $L_t^\infty C_x^\alpha$. The previous best results were solutions in the class $C_tC_x^\alpha$ for $\alpha \lt 1/5$, due to [Isett], and in the class $L_t^1 C_x^\alpha$ for $\alpha \lt 1/3$ due to [Buckmaster, De Lellis, Székelyhidi], both based on the method of convex integration developed for the incompressible Euler equations by [De Lellis, Székelyhidi]. The present proof combines the method of convex integration and a new ``Gluing Approximation" technique. The convex integration part of the proof relies on the ``Mikado flows" introduced by [Daneri, Székelyhidi] and the framework of estimates developed in the author's previous work.

We generalize the Shimura--Waldspurger correspondence, which describes the generic part of the automorphic discrete spectrum of the metaplectic group $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{p}_2$, to the metaplectic group $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{p}_{2n}$ of higher rank. To establish this, we transport Arthur's endoscopic classification of representations of the odd special orthogonal group $\mathrm{SO}_{2r+1}$ with $r \gg 2n$ by using a result of J.-S.Li on global theta lifts in the stable range.