Statistical Estimation of the Parameters of a Moving Source from Array Data

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the problem of estimating the variable time delays of a signal arriving at an array of sensors. A procedure to estimate the parameters of a linear time delay model is proposed. The procedure compares the Fourier transforms at different frequencies (thereby taking the Doppler effect into consideration). Under regularity conditions, the estimate obtained is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Simulations were carried out and the results were found to agree well with the theoretical results. The procedure was applied to the records of the Imperial Valley earthquake of October 15, 1979, as recorded by the El Centro differential array.