Abstract
It is shown that if, in the analysis of variance, the experiments are not in a state of statistical control due to variations in the true means, then the test will have a downward bias. The power function of the analysis of variance test is obtained when this downward bias is present.
Citation
William G. Madow. "On a Source of Downward Bias in the Analysis of Variance and Covariance." Ann. Math. Statist. 19 (3) 351 - 359, September, 1948. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177730199
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