Open Access
September 2013 Logistic regression analysis with standardized markers
Ying Huang, Margaret S. Pepe, Ziding Feng
Ann. Appl. Stat. 7(3): 1640-1662 (September 2013). DOI: 10.1214/13-AOAS634

Abstract

Two different approaches to analysis of data from diagnostic biomarker studies are commonly employed. Logistic regression is used to fit models for probability of disease given marker values, while ROC curves and risk distributions are used to evaluate classification performance. In this paper we present a method that simultaneously accomplishes both tasks. The key step is to standardize markers relative to the nondiseased population before including them in the logistic regression model. Among the advantages of this method are the following: (i) ensuring that results from regression and performance assessments are consistent with each other; (ii) allowing covariate adjustment and covariate effects on ROC curves to be handled in a familiar way, and (iii) providing a mechanism to incorporate important assumptions about structure in the ROC curve into the fitted risk model. We develop the method in detail for the problem of combining biomarker data sets derived from multiple studies, populations or biomarker measurement platforms, when ROC curves are similar across data sources. The methods are applicable to both cohort and case–control sampling designs. The data set motivating this application concerns Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3) for diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with or without previous negative biopsy where the ROC curves for PCA3 are found to be the same in the two populations. The estimated constrained maximum likelihood and empirical likelihood estimators are derived. The estimators are compared in simulation studies and the methods are illustrated with the PCA3 data set.

Citation

Download Citation

Ying Huang. Margaret S. Pepe. Ziding Feng. "Logistic regression analysis with standardized markers." Ann. Appl. Stat. 7 (3) 1640 - 1662, September 2013. https://doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS634

Information

Published: September 2013
First available in Project Euclid: 3 October 2013

zbMATH: 06237191
MathSciNet: MR3127962
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1214/13-AOAS634

Keywords: Constrained likelihood , empirical likelihood , logistic regression , predictiveness curve , ROC curve

Rights: Copyright © 2013 Institute of Mathematical Statistics

Vol.7 • No. 3 • September 2013
Back to Top