Understanding the dual formulation for the hedging of path-dependent options with price impact

Abstract

We consider a general path-dependent version of the hedging problem with price impact of Bouchard et al. (SIAM J. Control Optim. 57 (2019) 4125–4149), in which a dual formulation for the super-hedging price is obtained by means of PDE arguments, in a Markovian setting and under strong regularity conditions. Using only probabilistic arguments, we prove, in a path-dependent setting and under weak regularity conditions, that any solution to this dual problem actually allows one to construct explicitly a perfect hedging portfolio. From a pure probabilistic point of view, our approach also allows one to exhibit solutions to a specific class of second order forward backward stochastic differential equations, in the sense of Cheridito et al. (Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 60 (2007) 1081–1110). Existence of a solution to the dual optimal control problem is also addressed in particular settings. As a by-product of our arguments, we prove a version of Itô’s lemma for path-dependent functionals that are only ${\mathit{C}}^{0,1}$ in the sense of Dupire.