Annals of Statistics
- Ann. Statist.
- Volume 44, Number 4 (2016), 1680-1707.
Higher order elicitability and Osband’s principle
Tobias Fissler and Johanna F. Ziegel
Abstract
A statistical functional, such as the mean or the median, is called elicitable if there is a scoring function or loss function such that the correct forecast of the functional is the unique minimizer of the expected score. Such scoring functions are called strictly consistent for the functional. The elicitability of a functional opens the possibility to compare competing forecasts and to rank them in terms of their realized scores. In this paper, we explore the notion of elicitability for multi-dimensional functionals and give both necessary and sufficient conditions for strictly consistent scoring functions. We cover the case of functionals with elicitable components, but we also show that one-dimensional functionals that are not elicitable can be a component of a higher order elicitable functional. In the case of the variance, this is a known result. However, an important result of this paper is that spectral risk measures with a spectral measure with finite support are jointly elicitable if one adds the “correct” quantiles. A direct consequence of applied interest is that the pair (Value at Risk, Expected Shortfall) is jointly elicitable under mild conditions that are usually fulfilled in risk management applications.
Article information
Source
Ann. Statist., Volume 44, Number 4 (2016), 1680-1707.
Dates
Received: April 2015
Revised: January 2016
First available in Project Euclid: 7 July 2016
Permanent link to this document
https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1467894712
Digital Object Identifier
doi:10.1214/16-AOS1439
Mathematical Reviews number (MathSciNet)
MR3519937
Zentralblatt MATH identifier
1355.62006
Subjects
Primary: 62C99: None of the above, but in this section
Secondary: 91B06: Decision theory [See also 62Cxx, 90B50, 91A35]
Keywords
Consistency decision theory elicitability Expected Shortfall point forecasts propriety scoring functions scoring rules spectral risk measures Value at Risk
Citation
Fissler, Tobias; Ziegel, Johanna F. Higher order elicitability and Osband’s principle. Ann. Statist. 44 (2016), no. 4, 1680--1707. doi:10.1214/16-AOS1439. https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1467894712
Supplemental materials
- Supplement to “Higher order elicitability and Osband’s principle”. The proofs of Proposition 3.4 and Corollary 5.4 are deferred to this supplement.Digital Object Identifier: doi:10.1214/16-AOS1439SUPP