Vector Inequalities For Two Projections in Hilbert Spaces and Applications

Abstract

In this paper we establish some vector inequalities related to Schwarz and Buzano results. We show amongst others that in an inner product space $H$ we have the inequality \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{4}\left[ \left\Vert x\right\Vert \left\Vert y\right\Vert +\left\vert \left\langle x,y\right\rangle -2\left\langle Px,y\right\rangle -2\left\langle Qx,y\right\rangle \right\vert \right] \geq \left\vert \left\langle QPx,y\right\rangle \right\vert \end{equation*} for any vectors $x,y$ and $P,Q$ two orthogonal projections on $H$. If $PQ=0$ we also have \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{2}\left[ \left\Vert x\right\Vert \left\Vert y\right\Vert +\left\vert \left\langle x,y\right\rangle \right\vert \right] \geq \left\vert \left\langle Px,y\right\rangle +\left\langle Qx,y\right\rangle \right\vert \end{equation*} for any $x,y\in H.$

Applications for norm and numerical radius inequalities of two bounded operators are given as well.