August 2021 Stochastic processes on surfaces in three-dimensional contact sub-Riemannian manifolds
Davide Barilari, Ugo Boscain, Daniele Cannarsa, Karen Habermann
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Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Probab. Statist. 57(3): 1388-1410 (August 2021). DOI: 10.1214/20-AIHP1124

Abstract

We are concerned with stochastic processes on surfaces in three-dimensional contact sub-Riemannian manifolds. Employing the Riemannian approximations to the sub-Riemannian manifold which make use of the Reeb vector field, we obtain a second order partial differential operator on the surface arising as the limit of Laplace–Beltrami operators. The stochastic process associated with the limiting operator moves along the characteristic foliation induced on the surface by the contact distribution. We show that for this stochastic process elliptic characteristic points are inaccessible, while hyperbolic characteristic points are accessible from the separatrices. We illustrate the results with examples and we identify canonical surfaces in the Heisenberg group, and in SU(2) and SL(2,R) equipped with the standard sub-Riemannian contact structures as model cases for this setting. Our techniques further allow us to derive an expression for an intrinsic Gaussian curvature of a surface in a general three-dimensional contact sub-Riemannian manifold.

On considère des processus stochastiques sur des surfaces dans des espaces tridimensionnels de contact sous-riemanniens. En utilisant des approximations riemanniennes définies par le champ de Reeb, on obtient un opérateur différentiel du second ordre sur la surface comme limite des opérateurs de Laplace–Beltrami correspondants. Le processus stochastique associé à l’opérateur limite est défini le long de la foliation caractéristique induite sur la surface par la distribution de contact. Nous montrons que pour ce processus stochastique, les points elliptiques sont inaccessibles alors que les points hyperboliques sont accessibles à travers les séparatrices. On discute les résultats sur des exemples et on identifie des surfaces canoniques dans le groupe de Heisenberg, ainsi que dans les groupes SU(2) et SL(2,R) équipés de leurs structures sous-riemanniennes de contact canoniques, jouant le rôle de cas modèles dans ce contexte. Ces techniques nous permettent de plus de dériver une expression de la courbure gaussienne intrinsèque d’une surface générale dans une variété sous-riemannienne de dimension trois.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Grant ANR-15-CE40-0018 “Sub-Riemannian Geometry and Interactions” of the French ANR. The third author is supported by grants from Région Ile-de-France. The fourth author was supported by the Fondation Sciences Mathématiques de Paris. All four authors would like to thank Robert Neel for illuminating discussions.

Citation

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Davide Barilari. Ugo Boscain. Daniele Cannarsa. Karen Habermann. "Stochastic processes on surfaces in three-dimensional contact sub-Riemannian manifolds." Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Probab. Statist. 57 (3) 1388 - 1410, August 2021. https://doi.org/10.1214/20-AIHP1124

Information

Received: 30 April 2020; Revised: 25 October 2020; Accepted: 9 November 2020; Published: August 2021
First available in Project Euclid: 22 July 2021

MathSciNet: MR4291454
zbMATH: 1494.53036
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1214/20-AIHP1124

Subjects:
Primary: 53C17 , 58J65 , 60J60

Keywords: Bessel process , contact manifold , model space , stochastic process , sub-Riemannian geometry

Rights: Copyright © 2021 Association des Publications de l’Institut Henri Poincaré

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Vol.57 • No. 3 • August 2021
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