## Differential and Integral Equations

### Unboundedness of solutions and instability of differential equations of the second order with delayed argument

A. Domoshnitsky

#### Abstract

It is well known that, for $\varepsilon =0$, all solutions of the equations $\begin{cases} x''(t)+p(t)x(t-\varepsilon )=0,\quad t\in [1,+\infty ), \\ {x''(t)+p(t)x(t)+\frac{1}{t^{\alpha }} x\left( t-\frac{\varepsilon }{t^{\beta }}\right) =0,\quad t\in [1,+\infty ),} \end{cases} p(t)\ge c>0,$ are bounded on $[1,+\infty )$ and even tend to zero, as $p(t { \mathrel{\mathop{\longrightarrow}_{t\to +\infty}}}+\infty$. Here we obtain the following results: 1) for each positive $\varepsilon$ there exist unbounded solutions of the first equation; 2) for each positive $\varepsilon$ there exist unbounded solutions of the second equation in the case when $\alpha \ge 0$, $\beta \ge 0$, $\alpha +\beta \le 1$ and $p(t)$ is bounded; 3) all solutions of the equation $x^{\prime\prime}(t)+p(t)x(t-\tau(t))=0,\quad t\in [1,+\infty),$ with positive nondecreasing and bounded on $[1,+\infty)$ coefficient $p(t)$ are bounded if and only if $\int _1^{+\infty} \tau(t)\,dt <\infty.$

#### Article information

Source
Differential Integral Equations, Volume 14, Number 5 (2001), 559-576.

Dates
First available in Project Euclid: 21 December 2012

https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.die/1356123256

Mathematical Reviews number (MathSciNet)
MR1824743

Zentralblatt MATH identifier
1023.34061

Subjects
Primary: 34K20: Stability theory
Secondary: 34K12: Growth, boundedness, comparison of solutions

#### Citation

Domoshnitsky, A. Unboundedness of solutions and instability of differential equations of the second order with delayed argument. Differential Integral Equations 14 (2001), no. 5, 559--576. https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.die/1356123256