Occupation Times for Smooth Stationary Processes

Abstract

An occupation-time density is identified for a class of absolutely continuous functions $x(t)$ in terms of $x'(t)$ and the number of times that $x(t)$ assumes the values in its range. This result is applied to stationary random processes with a finite second spectral moment. As a by-product, a generalization of Rice's formula for the mean number of crossings is obtained.