We consider three magnetic relativistic Schrödinger operators which correspond to the same classical symbol $\sqrt{(\xi - A(x))^2 + m^2} + V(x)$ and whose heat semigroups admit the Feynman-Kac-Itô type path integral representation $E[e^{ - S^m (x,\,t;\,X)} g(x + X(t))]$. Using these representations, we prove the convergence of these heat semigroups when the mass-parameter $m$ goes to zero. Its proof reduces to the convergence of $e^{- S^m (x,\,t;\,X)}$, which yields a limit theorem for exponentials of semimartingales as functionals of Lévy processes $X$.

In this paper, we investigate the abstract incomplete degenerate di.erential equations in locally convex spaces, associated with use of the modified Liuoville right-sided fractional derivatives ([21]). The existence of solutions of abstract incomplete degenerate di.erential equations of second order is proved by considering the corresponding incomplete degenerate differential equations of order $1 / \gamma\;(0 \lt \gamma \lt 1/2$) and using an approximation process when $\gamma \rightarrow 1/2\:-$.

The tail probability of the first hitting time is discussed for linear diffusions. We obtain the decay rates in terms of the spectral functions and the scale functions. The result is a generalization of recent results of Hamana-Matsumoto for Bessel processes.

Analytic properties of three types of multiple zeta functions, that is, the Euler-Zagier type, the Mordell-Tornheim type and the Apostol-Vu type have been studied by a lot of authors. In particular, in the study of multiple zeta functions of the Apostol-Vu type, a generalized multiple zeta function, including both the Euler-Zagier type and the Apostol-Vu type, was introduced. In this paper, similarly we consider generalized multiple zeta-functions and $L$-functions, which include both the Euler-Zagier type and the Mordell-Tornheim type as special cases. We prove the meromorphic continuation to the multi-dimensional complex space, and give the results on possible singularities.

We introduce and give a comprehensive study of weakly UU rings, calling them WUU rings. This notion is a natural generalization of the so-called UU rings, defined by Calugareanu (Carpath. J. Math., 2015) and investigated in details by Danchev-Lam (Publicat. Math. Debrecen, 2016). It also demarcates the strength of recent results about these kind of rings by giving a strong barrier between some of their crucial properties.

We show that the weakly admissibility of the filtered $\varphi$-module with coefficients of Fermat varieties in the sense of Fontaine essentially expresses Stickelberger's theorem in Iwasawa theory. In particular, it gives us a simple re-proof of the weakly admissibility of it.