Abstract
The log of the price of a share is commonly modelled as a Brownian motion with drift, $\sigma B_t + ct$, where the constants $c$ and $\sigma$ are unknown. In order to use the Black-Scholes option pricing formula, one needs an estimate of $\sigma$, though not of $c$. In this paper, we propose a new estimator of $\sigma$ based on the high, low, and closing prices in a day's trading. This estimator has the merit of being unbiased whatever the drift $c$. In common with other estimators of $\sigma$, the approximation of the true high and low values of the drifting Brownian motion by the high and low values of a random walk introduces error, often quite a serious error. We shall show how a simple correction can overcome this error almost completely.
Citation
L. C. G. Rogers. S. E. Satchell. "Estimating Variance From High, Low and Closing Prices." Ann. Appl. Probab. 1 (4) 504 - 512, November, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoap/1177005835
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