Source: Notre Dame J. Formal Logic Volume 47, Number 4
(2006), 525-540.
We outline the Gödel-McKinsey-Tarski Theorem on embedding of Intuitionistic Propositional Logic Int into modal logic
S4 and further developments which led to the Generalized
Embedding Theorem. The latter in turn opened a full-scale comparative
exploration of lattices of the (normal) extensions of modal propositional
logic S4, provability logic GL, proof-intuitionistic
logic KM, and others, including Int. The present paper is
a contribution to this part of the research originated from the
Gödel-McKinsey-Tarski Theorem. In particular, we show that the lattice ExtInt of intermediate logics is likely to be the only constructing block with which ExtS4, the lattice of the extensions of S4, can be formed. We, however, advise the reader that our exposition is different from the historical lines along which some of the results discussed below came to light. Part 1, presented here, deals mostly with structural issues of extensions of logics, where algebraic semantics, though underlying this approach, is used merely occasionally. Part 2 will be devoted to algebraic analysis of the Embedding Theorem.
References
[1] Blok, W. J., Varieties of Interior Algebras, Ph.D. thesis, University of Amsterdam, 1976.
[2] Chagrov, A., and M. Zakharyaschev, Modal Logic, vol. 35 of Oxford Logic Guides, The Clarendon Press, New York, 1997.
[3] Esakia, L. L., "On modal counterparts of superintuitionistic logics", pp. 135--36 in The Seventh All-Soviet Symposium on Logic and Methodology of Science, Abstracts, 1976. In Russian.
[4] Esakia, L. L., Algebry Geitinga. I. Teoriya Dvoistvennosti. (Heyting Algebras I: Dual Theory), Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1985.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR847050
[5] Gödel, K., "An interpretation of the intuitionistic propositional calculus", pp. 301--2 in Collected Works. Vol. I. Publications 1929--1936, edited by S. Feferman et al., The Clarendon Press, New York, 1986. Originally published as ``Eine Interpretation des intuitionistischen Aussagenkalküls,'' pp. 39--40 in Ergebnisse eines mathematischen Kolloquiums, 4, 1933.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR831941
[6] Grätzer, G., Universal Algebra, 2d edition, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1979.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR538623
[7] Grätzer, G., General Lattice Theory, 2d edition, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 1998.
[8] Grzegorczyk, A., "Some relational systems and the associated topological spaces", Fundamenta Mathematicae, vol. 60 (1967), pp. 223--31.
[9] Hughes, G. E., and M. J. Cresswell, An Introduction to Modal Logic, Methuen and Co., Ltd., London, 1968.
[10] Kleene, S. C., Introduction to Metamathematics, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, 1952.
[11] Kuznetsov, A. V., and A. Y. Muravitsky, "On superintuitionistic logics as fragments of proof logic extensions", Studia Logica, vol. 45 (1986), pp. 77--99.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR877303
[12] Maksimova, L. L., "Modal logics of finite layers", Algebra i Logika, vol. 14 (1975), pp. 304--19, 369.
[13] Maksimova, L. L., and V. V. Rybakov, "The lattice of normal modal logics", Algebra i Logika, vol. 13 (1974), pp. 188--216, 235.
[14] McKinsey, J. C. C., and A. Tarski, "The algebra of topology", Annals of Mathematics. Second Series, vol. 45 (1944), pp. 141--91.
[15] McKinsey, J. C. C., and A. Tarski, "Some theorems about the sentential calculi of Lewis and Heyting", The Journal of Symbolic Logic, vol. 13 (1948), pp. 1--15.
[16] Rasiowa, H., and R. Sikorski, The Mathematics of Metamathematics, vol. 41 of Polska Akademia Nauk Monografie Matematyczne, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warzawa, 1963.
[17] Scroggs, S. J., "Extensions of the Lewis system $S5$", The Journal of Symbolic Logic, vol. 16 (1951), pp. 112--120.