In this article we study the asymptotic distribution of the cuspidal spectrum of arithmetic quotients of the symmetric space ${\rm SL}(n,{\mathbb R})/\operatorname{SO}(n)$. In particular, we obtain Weyl's law with an estimation on the remainder term. This extends some of the main results of Duistermaat, Kolk, and Varadarajan ([DKV1]) to this setting
References
J. G. Arthur, A trace formula for reductive groups, I: Terms associated to classes in $G(\bf Q)$, Duke Math. J. 45 (1978), 911--952.
—, On a family of distributions obtained from Eisenstein series, I: Application of the Paley-Wiener theorem, Amer. J. Math. 104 (1982), 1243--1288.
—, On a family of distributions obtained from Eisenstein series, II: Explicit formulas, Amer. J. Math. 104 (1982), 1289--1336.
—, A measure on the unipotent variety, Canad. J. Math. 37 (1985), 1237--1274.
—, The local behaviour of weighted orbital integrals, Duke Math. J. 56 (1988), 223--293.
—, The $L\sp 2$-Lefschetz numbers of Hecke operators, Invent. Math. 97 (1989), 257--290.
—, ``Unipotent automorphic representations: Conjectures'' in Orbites unipotentes et représentations, II, Astérisque 171 --172., Soc. Math. France, Montrouge, 1989, 13--71.
G. V. Avakumović, Über die Eigenfunktionen auf geschlossenen Riemannschen Mannigfaltigkeiten, Math. Z. 65 (1956), 327--344.
A. Borel, Some finiteness properties of adele groups over number fields, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. 16 (1963), 5--30.
—, Introduction aux groupes arithmétiques, Publications de l'Institut de Mathématique de l'Université de Strasbourg 15, Actualités Sci. Indust. 1341, Hermann, Paris, 1969.
P. Deligne, D. Kazhdan, and M.-F. VignéRas, ``Représentations des algèbres centrales simples $p$-adiques'' in Représentations des algèbres centrales simples $p$-adiques, Travaux en Cours, Hermann, Paris, 1984, 33--117.
J. J. Duistermaat and V. W. Guillemin, ``The spectrum of positive elliptic operators and periodic geodesics'' in Differential Geometry (Stanford, Calif., 1973), Proc. Sympos. Pure Math. XXVII, Part 2, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 1975, 205--209.
J. J. Duistermaat, J. A. C. Kolk, and V. S. Varadarajan, Spectra of compact locally symmetric manifolds of negative curvature, Invent. Math. 52 (1979), 27--93.; Erratum, 54 (1979), 101. $\!$;
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR532745
—, Functions, flows and oscillatory integrals on flag manifolds and conjugacy classes in real semisimple Lie groups, Compositio Math. 49 (1983), 309--398.
T. Finis, E. Lapid, and W. MüLler, On the spectral side of Arthur's trace formula, II, preprint, 2007.
R. Gangolli, On the Plancherel formula and the Paley-Wiener theorem for spherical functions on semisimple Lie groups, Ann. of Math. (2) 93 (1971), 150--165.
M. Goresky, R. Kottwitz, and R. Macpherson, Discrete series characters and the Lefschetz formula for Hecke operators, Duke Math. J. 89 (1997), 477--554.; Correction, 92 (1998), 665--666. $\!$;
Harish-Chandra, Spherical functions on a semisimple Lie group, I, Amer. J. Math. 80 (1958), 241--310.
—, Spherical functions on a semisimple Lie group, II, Amer. J. Math. 80 (1958), 553--613.
—, Discrete series for semisimple Lie groups, II. Explicit determination of the characters, Acta Math. 116 (1966), 1--111.
—, Two theorems on semi-simple Lie groups, Ann. of Math. (2) 83 (1966), 74--128.
A. D. Hejhal, The Selberg Trace Formula for $\rm PSL(2,R)$, Vol. I, Lecture Notes in Math. 548, Springer, Berlin, 1976.
S. Helgason, An analogue of the Paley-Wiener theorem for the Fourier transform on certain symmetric spaces, Math. Ann. 165 (1966), 297--308.
—, Groups and Geometric Analysis: Integral Geometry, Invariant Differential Operators, and Spherical Functions, corrected reprint of the 1984 original, Math. Surveys and Monogr. 83, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 2000.
—, Differential Geometry, Lie Groups, and Symmetric Spaces, corrected reprint of the 1978 original, Grad. Studies in Math. 34, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 2001.
L. HöRmander, The spectral function of an elliptic operator, Acta Math. 121 (1968), 193--218.
J. E. Humphreys, Conjugacy Classes in Semisimple Algebraic Groups, Math. Surveys and Monogr. 43, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 1995.
M. N. Huxley, ``Scattering matrices for congruence subgroups'' in Modular Forms (Durham, England, 1983), Ellis Horwood Ser. Math. Appl.: Statist. Oper. Res., Horwood, Chichester, England, 1984, 141--156.
H. Iwaniec, W. Luo, and P. Sarnak, Low lying zeros of families of $L$-functions, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. 91 (2000), 55--131.
H. Jacquet and J. A. Shalika, On Euler products and the classification of automorphic forms, II, Amer. J. Math. 103 (1981), 777--815.
—, On Euler products and the classification of automorphic representations, I, Amer. J. Math. 103 (1981), 499--558.
J.-P. Labesse and W. MüLler, Weak Weyl's law for congruence subgroups, Asian J. Math. 8 (2004), 733--745.
R. P. Langlands, The dimension of spaces of automorphic forms, Amer. J. Math. 85 (1963), 99--125.
E. Lindenstrauss and A. Venkatesh, Existence and Weyl's law for spherical cusp forms, Geom. Funct. Anal. 17 (2007), 220--251.
W. Luo, Nonvanishing of $L$-values and the Weyl law, Ann. of Math (2) 154 (2001), 477--502.
D. S. Miller, On the existence and temperedness of cusp forms for $\rm SL\sb 3(\Bbb Z)$, J. Reine Angew. Math. 533 (2001), 127--169.
C. Moeglin and J.-L. Waldspurger, Le spectre résiduel de $\rm GL(n)$, Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4) 22 (1989), 605--674.
W. MüLler, Weyl's law for the cuspidal spectrum of $\rm SL\sb n$, Ann. of Math. (2) 165 (2007), 275--333.
—, ``Weyl's law in the theory of automorphic forms'' in Groups and Analysis: The Legacy of Hermann Weyl (Bielefeld, Germany, 2006), London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser. 354, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2008, 133--163.
W. MüLler and B. Speh, Absolute convergence of the spectral side of the Arthur trace formula for $\rm GL\sb n$, with an appendix by E. M. Lapid, Geom. Funct. Anal. 14 (2004), 58--93.
D. Mumford, Abelian varieties, Tata Inst. Fund. Res. Stud. in Math. 5, Oxford Univ. Press, London, 1970.
P. Orlik and H. Terao, Arrangements of Hyperplanes, Grundlehren Math. Wiss. 300, Springer, Berlin, 1992.
R. S. Phillips and P. Sarnak, The Weyl theorem and the deformation of discrete groups, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 38 (1985), 853--866.
—, Perturbation theory for the Laplacian on automorphic functions, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 5 (1992), 1--32.
A. Reznikov, Eisenstein matrix and existence of cusp forms in rank one symmetric spaces, Geom. Funct. Anal. 3 (1993), 79--105.
P. Sarnak, ``On cusp forms'' in The Selberg Trace Formula and Related Topics (Brunswick, Maine, 1984), Contemp. Math. 53, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 1986, 393--407.
A. Selberg, Harmonic analysis and discontinuous groups in weakly symmetric Riemannian spaces with applications to Dirichlet series, J. Indian Math. Soc. (N.S.) 20 (1956), 47--87.
—, Collected Papers, Vol. I, Springer, Berlin, 1989.
V. S. Varadarajan, ``The method of stationary phase and applications to geometry and analysis on Lie groups'' in Algebraic and Analytic Methods in Representation Theory (Sønderborg, Denmark, 1994), Perspect. Math. 17, Academic Press, San Diego, 1997, 167--242.