We define slow quasiregular mappings and study cohomology and universal coverings of closed manifolds receiving slow quasiregular mappings. We show that closed manifolds receiving a slow quasiregular mapping from a punctured ball have the de Rham cohomology type of either $\mathbb{S}^n$ or $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{S}^1$. We also show that in the case of manifolds of the cohomology type of $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{S}^1$, the universal covering of the manifold has exactly two ends, and the lift of the slow mapping into the universal covering has a removable singularity at the point of punctuation. We also obtain exact growth bounds and a global homeomorphism–type theorem for slow quasiregular mappings into the manifolds of the cohomology type $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times \mathbb{S}^1$
References
M. Bonk and J. Heinonen, Quasiregular mappings and cohomology, Acta Math. 186 (2001), 219--238.
I. Chavel, Riemannian Geometry---A Modern Introduction, Cambridge Tracts in Math. 108, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1993.
T. Coulhon, I. Holopainen, and L. Saloff-Coste, Harnack inequality and hyperbolicity for subelliptic $p$-Laplacians with applications to Picard type theorems, Geom. Funct. Anal. 11 (2001), 1139--1191.
W. Fulton, Algebraic Topology, Grad. Texts in Math. 153, Springer, New York, 1995.
M. Gromov, ``Hyperbolic manifolds, groups and actions'' in Riemann Surfaces and Related Topics (Stony Brook, N.Y., 1978), Ann. of Math. Stud. 97, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, N.J., 1981, 183--213.
—, Metric Structures for Riemannian and Non-Riemannian Spaces, rev. ed. of the 1981 French ed., Progr. Math. 152, Birkhäuser, Boston, 1999.
J. Heinonen and S. Rickman, Geometric branched covers between generalized manifolds, Duke Math. J. 113 (2002), 465--529.
I. Holopainen, Nonlinear potential theory and quasiregular mappings on Riemannian manifolds, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Ser. A I Math. Dissertationes, 1990, no. 74.
—, ``Quasiregular mappings and the $p$-Laplace operator'' in Heat Kernels and Analysis on Manifolds, Graphs, and Metric Spaces (Paris, 2002), Contemp. Math. 338, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 2003, 219--239.
I. Holopainen and P. Pankka, A big Picard theorem for quasiregular mappings into manifolds with many ends, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. (4) 133 (2005), 1143--1150.
I. Holopainen and S. Rickman, Classification of Riemannian manifolds in nonlinear potential theory, Potential Anal. 2 (1993), 37--66.
T. Iwaniec, $p$-harmonic tensors and quasiregular mappings, Ann. of Math. (2) 136 (1992), 589--624.
T. Iwaniec and A. Lutoborski, Integral estimates for null Lagrangians, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 125 (1993), 25--79.
T. Iwaniec and G. Martin, Quasiregular mappings in even dimensions, Acta Math. 170 (1993), 29--81.
—, Geometric Function Theory and Non-Linear Analysis, Oxford Math. Monogr., Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 2001.
T. Iwaniec, C. Scott, and B. Stroffolini, Nonlinear Hodge theory on manifolds with boundary, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) 177 (1999), 37--115.
J. Jormakka, The existence of quasiregular mappings from $\bf R\sp 3$ to closed orientable $3$-manifolds, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Ser. A I Math. Dissertationes, 1988, no. 69.
O. Martio and J. VäIsäLä, Elliptic equations and maps of bounded length distortion, Math. Ann. 282 (1988), 423--443.
P. Mattila and S. Rickman, Averages of the counting function of a quasiregular mapping, Acta Math. 143 (1979), 273--305.
P. Pankka, Quasiregular mappings from a punctured ball into compact manifolds, Conform. Geom. Dyn. 10 (2006), 41--62.
S. Rickman, ``Existence of quasiregular mappings'' in Holomorphic Functions and Moduli, Vol. I (Berkeley, Calif., 1986), Math. Sci. Res. Inst. Publ. 10, Springer, New York, 1988, 179--185.
—, Quasiregular Mappings, Ergeb. Math. Grenzgeb. (3) 26, Springer, Berlin, 1993.
—, Simply connected quasiregularly elliptic $4$-manifolds, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Math. 31 (2006), 97--110.
C. Scott, $L\sp p$ theory of differential forms on manifolds, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 347, no. 6 (1995), 2075--2096.
N. Ural'Ceva, Degenerate quasilinear elliptic systems (in Russian), Zap. Naučn. Sem. Leningrad. Otdel. Mat. Inst. Steklov (LOMI) 7 (1968), 184--222.
N. Th. Varopoulos, L. Saloff-Coste, and T. Coulhon, Analysis and Geometry on Groups, Cambridge Tracts in Math. 100, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1992.
F. W. Warner, Foundations of Differentiable Manifolds and Lie Groups, corrected reprint of the 1971 ed., Grad. Texts in Math. 94, Springer, New York, 1983.
V. A. Zorich, Quasiconformal immersions of Riemannian manifolds, and a Picardtype theorem (in Russian), Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen. 34, no. 3 (2000), 37--48.; English translation in Funct. Anal. Appl. 34, no. 3 (2000), 188--196.