This paper proposes new tests of conditional independence of two random variables given a single-index involving an unknown finite-dimensional parameter. The tests employ Rosenblatt transforms and are shown to be distribution-free while retaining computational convenience. Some results from Monte Carlo simulations are presented and discussed.
References
Andrews, D. W. K. (1995). Nonparametric kernel estimator for semiparametric models. Econometric Theory 11 560–595.
Angrist, J. D. and Kuersteiner, G. M. (2004). Semiparametric causality tests using the policy propensity score. NBER Working Paper 10975.
Angus, J. E. (1994). The probability integral transform and related results. SIAM Rev. 36 652–654.
Bierens, H. J. (1990). A consistent conditional moment test of functional form. Econometrica 58 1443–1458.
Birman, M. S. and Solomjak, M. Z. (1967). Piecewise-polynomial approximation of functions of the classes Wpα. Mat. Sb. (N.S.) 73 331–355.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR217487
Blum, J. R., Kiefer, J. and Rosenblatt, M. (1961). Distribution-free tests of independence based on the sample distribution function. Ann. Statist. 32 485–498.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR125690
Chiappori, P.-A. and Salanié, B. (2000). Testing for asymmetric information in insurance markets. J. Political Economy 108 56–78.
de la Peña, V. H. and Giné, E. (1999). Decoupling: From Dependence to Independence. Springer, New York.
Delgado, M. A. and González Manteiga, W. (2001). Significance testing in nonparametric regression based on the bootstrap. Ann. Statist. 29 1469–1507.
Delgado, M. A. and Mora, J. (2000). A nonparametric test for serial independence of regression errors. Biometrika 87 228–234.
Giné, E. (1997). Lecture Notes on Some Aspects of the Bootstrap. Ecole de Éte de Calcul de Probabilités de Saint-Flour. Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1665. Springer, Berlin.
Härdle, W. and Mammen, E. (1993). Comparing nonparametric versus parametric regression fits. Ann. Statist. 21 1926–1947.
Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H. and Todd, P. (1997). Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator: Evidence from evaluating a job training programme. Rev. Econom. Stud. 64 605–654.
Hoeffding, W. (1948). A nonparametric test of independence. Ann. Math. Statist. 19 546–557.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR29139
Hong, Y. and White, H. (2005). Asymptotic distribution theory for nonparametric entroy measures of serial dependence. Econometrica 73 837–901.
Janssen, A. (2000). Global power functions of goodness-of-fit tests. Ann. Statist. 28 239–253.
Khmaladze, E. V. (1993). Goodness of fit problem and scanning innovation martingales. Ann. Statist. 21 798–829.
Lauritzen, S. L. (1996). Graphical Models. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
Ledoux, M. and Talagrand, M. (1988). Un critére sur les pertite boules dans le théorème limite central. Probab. Theory Related Fields 77 29–47.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR921817
Linton, O. and Gozalo, P. (1997). Conditional independence restrictions: Testing and estimation. Discussion Paper 1140, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale Univ.
Ossiander, M. (1987). A central limit theorem under metric entropy with L2 bracketing. Ann. Statist. 15 897–919.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR893905
Pearl, J. (2000). Causality: Modeling, Reasoning, and Inference. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
Pollard, D. (1989). A maximal inequality for sums of independent processes under a bracketing entropy condition. Unpublished manuscript.
Robinson, P. M. (1991). Consistent nonparametric entropy-based testing. Rev. Econom. Stud. 58 437–453.
Rosenblatt, M. (1952). Remarks on a multivariate transform. Ann. Math. Statist. 23 470–472.
Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet):
MR49525
Skaug, H. J. and Tjøstheim, D. (1993). A nonparametric test of serial independence based on the empirical distribution function. Biometrika 80 591–602.
Stinchcombe, M. B. and White, H. (1998). Consistent specification testing with nuisance parameters present only under the alternative. Econometric Theory 14 295–325.
Stute, W., González Manteiga, W. and Quindimil, M. P. (1998). Bootstrap approximations in model checks for regression. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 93 141–149.
Stute, W. and Zhu, L. (2005). Nonparametric checks for single-index models. Ann. Statist. 33 1048–1083.
Su, L. and White, H. (2008). A nonparametric Hellinger metric test for conditional independence. Econometric Theory 24 829–864.
van de Geer, S. (2000). Empirical Processes in M-Estimation. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
van der Vaart, A. (1996). New Donsker classes. Ann. Probab. 24 2128–2140.
van der Vaart, A. W. and Wellner, J. A. (1996). Weak Convergence and Empirical Processes. Springer, New York.
Zhang, Z. (2008). Quotient correlation: A sample based alternative to Pearson’s correlation. Ann. Statist. 36 1007–1030.